In view of the high gas concentration and low gas extraction efficiency of S1306 working face in Gucheng Coal Mine, the gas extraction technology of large-aperture high-position directional drilling is carried out by means of theoretical analysis and field measurement. The research shows that the high-level directional drilling technology arranges the final hole in the range of ' O ' ring formed by overburden fracture through the mode of ' pilot hole + multi-stage reaming ' for gas extraction. The maximum values of caving zone and fracture zone in the working face are calculated to be 10.3 m and 59.80 m, respectively. The drilling height is further determined to be 15-25 m. After practical application, the gas extraction amount of monitoring borehole is maintained at 10-15 m3/min, and the gas concentration in the roadway of the working face is effectively reduced, especially CH4 and CO2. It shows that the gas extraction technology of large-aperture high-level directional drilling can effectively improve the efficiency of mine gas extraction and ensure the safe production of the mine.