The pros and cons of coal mine ventilation system is closely related to the safety of coal production, ventilation system is the first line of defense of mine safety production. In view of the problems existing in the existing ventilation system of Xinyuan Mine, the air volume is calculated, and the 'Y+L' ventilation system design is used to optimize the mine ventilation system to ensure the safe and efficient production of the normal working face and reduce the ventilation energy consumption.