In order to strengthen thehe stability of goaf area safety management methods study, together with the present situation of goaf management at home and abroad, the present commonly used method for analyzing the stability of goaf area and security management technology were introduced, the stability analysis method included rock mass quality classification method, the safety assessment method, method of block theory, numerical simulation method, analytical method, estimated method and half expected half analytical method, the safety management technology included caving goaf, goaf filling, permanent pillar support goaf, isolation and dredge goaf, and the treatment effect, scope of application and the problems existing in the practical application were discussed, which provided reference for different geological conditions of goaf management.