To better safeguard mining construction, improve construction efficiency and broaden the scope of smooth blasting technology application，Wolong Mine mining construction roadway 12206 was taken as object, the smooth blasting technology in the application of unstable rock roadway mining was explored. Through study on characteristics of unstable broken rock, optimization analysis was carried out on the smooth blasting parameters, and the spiral cut holes were settled. Practical application showed that the utilization rate of perforation were over 85%, the bursting of the roadway forming quality was good, overbreak volume was less than 100 mm. Good field application effect raised the efficiency of the mine roadway mining construction and quality, also reduced the construction cost, realized win-win situation of mine economic and social benefit.