In order to calibrate the similar simulation samples, the uniaxial compression test method was used, and the DIC technology was introduced to observe and collect the surface displacement cloud map of the sample, and the generation and development path of the cracks in the compression process of the sample were analyzed. The results showed that the DIC displacement field monitoring could reflect the deformation state of the object under the action of force. In the early stage of loading, the sample was gradually compacted, resulting in a large displacement change. At the peak strength, the crack was generated from the upper part of the sample and gradually developed to the surface of the sample, resulting in crack generation. Cracks developed downward with increasing pressure. That was, from the beginning of pressurization to the stage of crack development, the sample first underwent the compaction stage, and the displacement variation was large. When the crack initiated, the displacement on both sides of the crack was different. In addition, the observation of DIC strain field could describe the strain of the specimen under stress. The change of the strain field on the surface of the specimen reflected the failure process of the specimen, and also reflected the change of the internal loss of the specimen on the boundary. The crack was generated from the upper part of the sample. After the crack initiation, the monitored strain value increased significantly at the top of the sample, and the strain path changed with the crack development. The effective combination of DIC monitoring technology similar simulation test to calibrate the uniaxial compression process of the sample better revealed the strain evolution law of the sample failure process. The research results can be used for sample failure.