抗生素菌渣热解生物炭的理化性能与燃烧特性研究

doi:10.19286/j.cnki.cci.2026.02.032

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摘要

以红霉素菌渣为原料，采用热解炭化技术制备生物炭，考察了其理化性能与燃烧特性。热解过程实现了有效的碳固定化转化，固定碳含量从初始菌渣的5.4%显著提升至25.0%。燃料的H/C（0.05）和O/C（0.11）比率较低，可燃性能较好。红外光谱分析表明热解导致菌渣含氧官能团减少及脂肪族结构断裂。扫描电镜- X射线能谱分析显示，生物炭表面由大量不规则孔穴和孔道组成，C、N元素构成碳骨架基质，P、S、Na、Mg等元素均匀分散，局部存在Al和Si氧化物富集碎片。热重-差热分析揭示其燃烧过程分为水分蒸发、挥发分和固定碳燃烧和燃尽阶段。燃料具有良好的着火性能和稳定的燃烧性能，具有替代化石燃料的应用潜力。生物炭中未检测出抗生素残留。为抗生素菌渣的安全资源化利用提供了一种可行方法。

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	初里冰1
	地尔夏提·艾沙江2
	殷文娟2
	陈启军2

关键词 ：红霉素发酵菌渣, 生物炭, 热解, 燃烧性能, 废物处理

Abstract：

The production of biochar derived from erythromycin fermentation residues through pyrolysis carbonization was studied. The physicochemical properties and combustion characteristics of biochar were systematically investigated. The pyrolysis process effectively enhanced carbon fixation, increasing the fixed carbon content from 5.4% in the original residues to 25.0%. The biochar demonstrated optimal combustion properties, as evidenced by low atomic ratios of H/C (0.05) and O/C (0.11). Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic analysis indicated substantial decomposition of oxygen-containing groups and aliphatic structures during pyrolysis. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-
dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) demonstrated that the biochar surface consisted of numerous irregular pores and channels, with C and N elements forming the carbon matrix while P, S, Na, and Mg were uniformly distributed, along with localized enrichment of Al and Si-containing oxide fragments. Thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) identified four distinct combustion stages: moisture evaporation, volatile combustion, fixed carbon combustion, and burnout. The biochar displayed excellent ignition performance and stable combustion characteristics, demonstrating potential as a fossil fuel alternative. Importantly, no antibiotic residues were detected in the biochar products. A promising method for the safe reutilization of antibiotic fermentation residues were provided.

Key words： erythromycin mycelial residue biochar pyrolysis combustion property waste treatment

基金资助:

新疆维吾尔族自治区重点研发计划项目（2023B03008-2）

作者简介: 初里冰（ 1971— ），女，辽宁凤城市人，副研究员。

引用本文:

初里冰1，地尔夏提·艾沙江2，殷文娟2，陈启军2. 抗生素菌渣热解生物炭的理化性能与燃烧特性研究[J]. 煤炭与化工, 2026, 49(2): 152-156. Chu Libing1, Dierxiati Aishajiang2, Yin Wenjuan2, Chen Qijun2. Physicochemical properties and combustion characteristics of antibiotic fermentation residues-derived biochar. CCI, 2026, 49(2): 152-156.

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http://www.mtyhg.com.cn/CN/10.19286/j.cnki.cci.2026.02.032 或 http://www.mtyhg.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V49/I2/152

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