The research on the development height of overlying strata water conduction fracture zone is very important for the prevention and control of roof water disaster in shallow coal seam mining. In this paper, the combination of theoretical analysis and surface drilling was used to measure the development height of water conduction fracture zone in overlying strata of No.3-1 coal seam in Yanghuopan Mine. The theoretical calculation showed that the height of caving zone in upper No.2-2 coal seam was 10.13 m, the ratio of caving to mining was 4.22, the height of fracture zone was 40.98 m, and the ratio of fracture to mining was 17.1. The height of caving zone in lower No.3-1 coal seam was 11.84 m, the ratio of caving to mining was 5.38, the height of fracture zone was 74 m, and the ratio of fracture to mining was 33.64. The drilling hole peep measure obtained that the height of caving zone in No.2-2 coal seam was 9 m, the ratio of caving to mining was 4.2, the height of caving zone in lower coal seam was 14 m, the ratio of caving to mining was 6.4, and the fracture zone had developed to the surface with the advance of working face, the ratio of fracture to mining was 54.5, which provided guidance for mine water disaster prevention and control in fully mechanized mining face under similar conditions in mining area.