In order to ensure the smooth advance of 15202 working face of Shuyang Coal Industry through the area of F20 fault fracture zone, according to the geological conditions of 15202 working face and the development characteristics of F20 fault, FLAC3D numerical simulation software was used to analyze the changes of surrounding rock stress and pore water pressure when the working face mining at different distances from the fault. According to the analysis results, the maximum damage depth of the bottom plate and the maximum height of the pressurized water conductive rise were obtained at different distances from the fault, and the analysis of the fault fracture zone under the influence of mining was further carried out by field measurement and theoretical analysis. The results showed that the numerical simulation results were consistent with the results of field measurement and theoretical analysis, and there was a certain risk of water breakout in the coal seam when the working face mined 30 m from the F20 fault, and it was recommended to take hydrophobic pressure reduction and slurry sealing measures in the 30 m area before and after the fault fragmentation zone.