微生物法同时去除水中高氯酸盐及其共存污染物（氮素）的研究进展

doi:10.19286/j.cnki.cci.2025.05.028

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摘要

高氯酸盐是扩散速度快、稳定性高、难降解的内分泌干扰物，以一种超常的速度进入到饮用水和饮食中，进入水体后，高氯酸盐经常与氨氮等污染物在水体中共存。基于高氯酸盐混合污染问题，介绍了高氯酸盐的污染现状、来源以及对人体的危害。阐述了同时降解高氯酸盐及其氮素污染物的途径方法，包括还原菌种类、电子供体、影响降解的因素等。综述了多种体系下降解高氯酸盐及其复合污染物的应用进展，进一步分析了高氯酸盐和复合污染的降解机理，为以后处理高氯酸盐及其复合污染物提供了方法和参考。

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	刘吴子霄
	谢宇轩

关键词 ：高氯酸盐, 复合污染, 生物降解, 电子供体, 影响因素, 降解机理

Abstract：

Perchlorate is a fast-dispersing, highly stable and difficult-to-degrade endocrine disruptor that enters drinking water and diets at an extraordinary rate. After entering water bodies, perchlorate often coexists with pollutants such as ammonia and nitrogen in water bodies. Based on the mixed pollution problem of perchlorate, the current status of perchlorate pollution, its sources, and the harm to human body were introduced. It was elaborated the ways and methods to degrade perchlorate and its nitrogen pollutants at the same time including the species of reducing bacteria, electron donor, and factors affecting degradation. The application progress of multiple systems to degrade perchlorate and its composite pollutants were summarized, and the degradation mechanism of perchlorate and composite pollution was further analyzed, which provides methods and references for the future treatment of perchlorate and its composite pollutants.

Key words： perchlorate complex pollution biodegradation electron donor influencing factors degradation mechanism

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（ 51808255 ）；吉林省科技发展计划项目（ 20220203001SF ）

通讯作者: 谢宇轩（ 1984— ），男，吉林长春人，副研究员。

作者简介: 刘吴子霄（ 2000— ），男，云南玉溪人，硕士。

引用本文:

刘吴子霄，谢宇轩. 微生物法同时去除水中高氯酸盐及其共存污染物（氮素）的研究进展[J]. 煤炭与化工, 2025, 48(5): 130-132，136.. Liu Wuzixiao, Xie Yuxuan. Research progress in the simultaneous removal of perchlorate and its co-existing pollutant (nitrogen) from water by microbiological methods. CCI, 2025, 48(5): 130-132，136..

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http://www.mtyhg.com.cn/CN/10.19286/j.cnki.cci.2025.05.028 或 http://www.mtyhg.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V48/I5/130

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