In order to analyze the optimal scheme of the top-and-bottom digging support of a large-section roadway, a numerical simulation method was used for research. Based on the geological conditions of Xinyuan Coal Mine, a numerical simulation was established. By analyzing the stress cloud diagrams under the influence of different spacing, row spacing, angle and other factors after the excavation, the stress area increases continuously in the vertical direction, but the effective stress area did not increase in the width direction; The stress gradually decreased, and the supporting effect gradually decreased; the surrounding rock compressive stress in the middle between the two anchor cables gradually decreased, and the supporting effect became smaller; when the pre-stress was constant, the length of the anchor cable was inversely proportional to the supporting effect. According to the specific conditions in actual production, the length of the anchor cable was selected to be 5.3 m; the angle of the anchor cable was simulated to be inversely proportional to the support effect. In the near-level coal seam, considering the prestress of the anchor cable, the roof anchor cable was the best . The angle of the anchor cable should be kept within 10 ° as much as possible during construction. When the distance between the anchor rods was small to a certain extent, the effective stress of the anchor rods would be integrated into one, and the zero-stress area would disappear. Moreover, the density of the anchor rod was small enough, and the support effect of increasing the number of anchor rods did not change much. Considering the superposition of the stress field of the anchor rod and the anchor cable, and comprehensively analyzing the construction and production environment of the site, the anchor boltspacing was selected to be 1.0 m, and the anchor cable spacing was selected to be 2.0 m. Based on the conclusion of the numerical simulation, a reasonable support for the roadway was designed of the scheme and support parameters.