The goaf in the loess hilly area are mainly concentrated in the areas where coal mining is more concentrated. These areas have complex terrain and poor geological conditions, which often induce geological risks such as land subsidence and fracture development. In response to such special terrain conditions, this paper used the NEMV detection system to construct a three-dimensional stress field model, and effectively identified the stress abnormal area. Through the systematic stress test of No.22 coal seam, a total of 34 Class II low stress abnormal areas and 11 Class I low stress abnormal areas were found in the roof and floor. The research showed that No.22 coal seam could still be mined locally due to the high distribution density of the goaf. The research results of this paper provided a scientific basis for the prevention and control of geological disasters and ecological restoration in the goaf of loess hilly area.