In view of the instability of working face roof and surrounding rock caused by improper roof cutting parameters in gob-side entry with hard roof, the optimization of roof cutting parameters and the stability control technology of surrounding rock were systematically studied by means of theoretical modeling, numerical simulation and engineering verification. The results showed that the stress distribution in the uncut roof area of the hard roof was significantly affected by the roof cutting parameters. The original process parameters were difficult to achieve effective roof fracture, and the parameter optimization design must be implemented. Through the comparison and selection of multiple schemes, the optimal combination of roof cutting parameters was determined to be 9m vertical roof cutting height and 15 ° slit inclination angle, and the 'anchoring system-steel mesh-trapezoidal steel beam 'composite roof support system and 'anchor support-retractable U-shaped steel frame-reticulated shell structure-auxiliary pillar 'cooperative side support scheme were constructed. The engineering practice showed that the proportion of roof fracture development exceeded 80 % after the implementation of the optimization scheme, which significantly improved the stability of roadway surrounding rock and ensured the safety and efficiency of mining operation.