The surface of the mine in Tunliu area is widely covered by Quaternary loess layer. According to the geomorphological characteristics, the shallow and surface layers can be divided into three types: low hills, flat land ( farmland ), rivers and beaches. In the range of flat land ( farmland ) and low hills, the main test contents included excitation well depth, excitation horizon and excitation dose. In the beach area, the main test contents included excitation well depth, excitation well combination and excitation dose. Through the frequency and energy analysis and comparison of the test single shot data, combined with the lithology ( soil ) record during the hole formation, the most suitable excitation parameters for each shallow and surface type were selected and verified in the subsequent production. The research results of the excitation parameters could provide reference for the subsequent seismic exploration work of the mine.