The test report of coal dust explosion is the necessary condition to achieve coal mine safety production license. Through the experimental analysis,the formation conditions, basic characteristics and influencing factors of coal dust explosion, and the relationship with all kinds of quality indicators were analyzed. The main influencing factors of the coal dust explosion are the granularity of coal, and the semi industrial analysis of coal, the temperature and position of heat source. In the test, the operation should be carried out according to the industry standards to ensure the accuracy and stability of the test results.