The excavation of coal mine roadway across fault fracture zones is inevitable, and the surrounding rock in the fracture zone exhibits a double random characteristic of joint structure and joint surface parameters, which seriously affects the stability of the surrounding rock. Using the splitting method to produce joint test samples, comparing the results of indoor physical model direct shear tests and numerical model direct shear tests, and inverting the microscopic parameters of the joint surfaces in the numerical model; Selecting normal distribution to reflect the distribution characteristics of crack trace length and crack occurrence, uniform distribution to reflect the spatial position and density distribution characteristics of cracks, and normal distribution to describe the spatial random distribution characteristics of crack structure surface roughness, based on the expected inversion results of various parameters, a joint structure and joint surface parameter double random implementation program was developed using Monte Carlo method, combined with 3DEC platform and Fish language, and a numerical model of fault fracture zone roadway was established; Using the convergence constraint method, the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway under different working conditions was simulated, and the characteristic curve analysis of the support force displacement response of the roadway surrounding rock was obtained. Then, the instability probability of the roadway surrounding rock under different stress states and spatial positions was studied. The results indicated that the joint structure and joint surface parameter random simulation program could effectively reflect the spatial distribution of structural surfaces and the double random distribution characteristics of interface parameters; The double random characteristics of joints had a significant impact on the stability of surrounding rock in tunnels; The higher the stress release rate of the surrounding rock, the lower the stability of the roadway surrounding rock. Increasing the lateral pressure could improve the stability of the roadway surrounding rock to a certain extent. The relevant research results provided theoretical support for controlling the stability of surrounding rock in deep buried roadway.