In view of the large amount of water consumption in the production of coal chemical industry and the discharge pollution of waste residue and wastewater in chemical process, the main components and characteristics of the gasification waste residue and coal chemical saline wastewater in coal chemical production were analyzed, and the corresponding recovery treatment measures were put forward. It is pointed out that the gasification residue can be used to build roads, produce building materials, brick and cement, and be mixed into boiler fuel for combustion, and the saline wastewater can be treated by membrane concentration technology.