The characteristics of the mine ventilation system aging period were analyzed, combined with Tong’er old mine ventilation system management and transformation practice, the principles and management of the transformation were expounded. The operation of the mine ventilation system was put forward to achieve the unity of the rationality and economy. The operation of the mine ventilation system is on the best running state or not, should take integrated mine air requirement, the main fan operation state, supply air volume, ventilation, power consumption etc. into account.