Polymer materials are widely used in underground coal and rock reinforcement, grouting, leak plugging and other places. In recent years, more than 100 accidents have occurred in the use of polymer materials in coal mines in China. Among them, the use of reinforced coal and rock polymer materials is in the majority, and the use and safety management of polymer materials need to be strengthened urgently. The types and characteristics of the polymer materials were introduced, and the main problems existing in the production and use of the polymer materials for coal mines were pointed out. In order to fully understand the potential safety hazards of the polymer materials in underground coal mines, the safety characteristics of the polymer materials were studied by laboratory simulation, and some reasonable suggestions were put forward to improve the safety of the polymer materials in coal mines in China.