Paclitaxel which belongs to diterpenoid compound is the first chemical drug that comes from narural plants and used to treat cancers. Now it has been widely used in the treatment of ovarian cancer, breast cancer and lung cancer etc.. Due to the unique and effective anticancer mechanism of paclitaxel, as a novel anticancer drug, paclitaxel has caused more and more attention from every country. The physical and chemical properties, mechanism of action and the source of paclitaxel were introduced in detail. Aming at the problems that paclitaxel is poor water solubility and lacking of resources, the solutions are accelerating the speed of developing paclitaxel derivatives that has the same mechanism as paclitaxel or other active ingredient drugs, developing new methods for preparation of paclitaxel such as fermentation, total synthesis etc..
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