Taking the increase of water inflow in the pipeline well of Xingshengyuan Coal Industry during the rainy season as an example, the water inflow supply channel of the mine was analyzed through continuous monitoring and estimation of the amount of drainage water, visiting and investigating the sealing of small coal kiln and river infiltration on the surface, collecting surface rainfall, river water, water source well and long-term water inflow point water samples for water quality test, combined with the mining data of adjacent mines. The research showed that the main water source for the increase of pipeline well water inflow in Xingshengyuan Coal Industry was the flood of Jian river during the rainy season. And a large amount of river water overflowed the exposed wellhead or bedrock gravel layer cracks to recharge the goaf damage area. The secondary water source was atmospheric precipitation which penetrated into the goaf damage area through the water-conducting fracture in the shallow buried area of No.1 coal seam near the mine, and then supplied the pipeline well water through lateral seepage.The investigation and analysis method of water inflow source had certain reference significance for the analysis of water inflow source in shallow depth mine goaf damage area affected by surface rivers under similar conditions.