Old roadway has always been an important hidden danger that threatens coal mine safety production. 3D seismic exploration technology is an effective detection method. In order to improve the ability of 3D seismic exploration technology to identify old kiln roadways, the maximum likelihood volume attribute technology is applied to 3D seismic roadway interpretation. In the process, through its sensitive characteristics to cracks and fractures and caves, the resolution capability of seismic interpretation technology in roadway identification is enhanced. In this paper, the maximum likelihood volume attribute technology was applied to the interpretation of the 3D seismic data of a mine in Shanxi Province, and the location and boundary of the unknown old kiln roadway can be inferred through the attribute anomaly characteristics. Through comparison and verification with known data, the feasibility and superiority of this attribute technology in the interpretation of old kiln tunnels in coalfield 3D seismic exploration were fully demonstrated.