The Carboniferous Permian marine-continental coal-bearing strata in the development of the Carboniferous in Hebei Province with obvious high-soil ratio characteristics and cyclic characteristics, the high mud-to-earth ratio and multi-coal cycle characteristics provide abundant gas source foundation and reservoir space for coal-based natural gas reservoirs, based on scanning electron microscopy and mercury intrusion experiments, the pore characteristics of coal, shale and sandstone in the Carboniferous-Permian coal-bearing strata in Hebei Province were studied. The results showed that the coal and rock were dominant in micro and small pores, accounting for 77.29% of the total pore content. Scanning electron microscopy of mud shale samples showed that the sample developed a large number of micropores and mesopores, and the connectivity between the pores was good. Sandstone was a low-porosity and low-permeability tight sandstone. The pores of the sample were mainly mesopores and macropores, and the interbedded layers of sandstone and shale could provide more pores.