The grapefruit peel was used as the adsorbent to adsorp chromium in the simulated chromium-containing wastewater. The performance of the adsorbent was tested and analyzed by decolorization modification, single factor experiment and adsorption treatment experiment in the presence of coexisting ions. At the same time, the adsorption isotherm model and adsorption kinetics model and thermodynamic model were used to further analyze its adsorption mechanism. The most suitable reaction conditions are as follows: initial concentration 0.6mg/L, pH = 2, dosage 2g/L, reaction time 60 min, temperature 25 ℃, and the removal rate of chromium ion reaches 99.70%. The fitting analysis results of the adsorption isotherm model and the adsorption kinetic model of the adsorbed hexavalent chromium indicate that the Freundlich model can better describe the hexavalent chromium adsorption data. The adsorption of hexavalent chromium by grapefruit peel is more suitable for describing the adsorption process by Ho quasi-secondary kinetic model, and the temperature helps to push the reaction forward.