In order to find out the thickness of the overlying loose layer in Yuanxing Coal Mine, prevent the occurrence of gangue and water outburst accidents, and improve the safety production environment of the mine, this paper used high density electrical method to detect the specified range of the mining area. The results showed that the thickness of the loose layer in the west and southwest of the detection range was large, the maximum thickness was about 80 m, the thickness of the loose layer in the east was small, and the bedrock outcrops in the east and northwest. The thickness of the overlying loose layer on the bedrock surface of the mining area was basically identified. The study provided technical support for further improving mine production capacity and technical level, strengthening water disaster prevention and control work, and ensuring coal mine safety production.