Taking No.3 coal seam of Nanyang Coal Mine as an example, according to the hydrogeological conditions of the field and the implementation of water prevention and control measures, the types of mine water disaster were analyzed, and the mine was reasonably divided into three zones: recoverable area, slow mining area and prohibited mining area. The corresponding water prevention and control measures were formulated for the types of water disasters in each zone, and the conversion conditions of the 'three zones' of the mine were clarified, which improved the level of mine water prevention and control work. The study provided technical basis for ensuring safe and efficient mining of coal mines.