For complex internal relationship between coal mine of accident, according to the state administration of production safety supervision and management of the accident data statistical data, based on principal component analysis in our country from 2008 to 2017, the main causes of death in coal mine accidents were analyzed. The first principal component of the accident, the second, and the third, a further analysis of coal mine accident was mainly caused by gas accident, flood, and roof accidents caused by coal and gas outburst accident, the correlation between the cause of the accident was settled, which provided the scientific basis for the development of coal mine safety production. The conclusions of this study can provide some references for similar researches.