Surface subsidence and ground fissures have appeared in the upper surface of the mining face of No. 4 coal seam in the No. 4 coal seam of the Majialiang Coal Mine. Coal mine safety production work. In view of this situation, the relevant factors that may cause surface water to enter the mine from the ground fissures and subsidence area are analyzed, and the actual observation results of the underground are used to evaluate the impact of surface water on the mine safety production after the mining subsidence of the Majialiang mine.