In order to fully understand the migration law of top coal in the end face of 8214 fully mechanized caving face, a numerical model was established according to the specific geological conditions of the working face, and the stress field distribution of the surrounding rock and the instability characteristics of the top coal were analyzed. And in the working face mining process, the measurement law of the top coal migration was carried out. The results showed that the difficulty of the top coal release in the end zone gradually increased from the middle of the working face to the side of the mining roadway, the top coal of the 8214 fully mechanized caving face could be mined, and the average stepping distance of the top coal was 0.2~0.3 m, the top support of the zone met the requirements.