Based on the collaborative innovation theory and rational division of mining resources, the paper drew out a clear connotation of mineral resources collaborative development, the potential value of mining resources and the relationship between various resources. By excavating the resource value and the relationship among in resource, the principles and development content were draught to make the frame of resource allocation and build the model of Mineral Resources development and utilization under the collaborative innovation. The paper provided coal enterprises a theoretical reference on consolidating, extended the coal industry chain development, improved the ecological environment and achieved optimal allocation of resources.