On the basis of the systematic analysis of the current situation of shale gas exploration and development in Anhui Province, the planning and strategic layout of shale gas exploration and development in Anhui Province was discussed, and the spatial layout, key points, main tasks and safeguard measures of shale gas exploration and development in the province were proposed. According to the study, the forecast prospective geological resources of shale gas is 9.44 trillion cubic meters, and the four sets of hydrocarbon source rocks in the Carboniferous-Permian coal-bearing strata have the broad prospect of "three gas" joint exploration and joint mining; the focus is on "Ning-Xuan-Wu" and  "Huainan" two key exploration and development zones, based on the "coal system", "the two Huaihe", and "joint exploration and joint mining. "; strive to build Nanling - Jing County, Huainan Panxie two shale gas exploration and development pilot test area. During the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period, two to three shale gas comprehensive development demonstration projects will be deployed, and efforts will be made to build the Huainan Panxie shale gas demonstration base. The recognition of these achievements has important guiding significance for the transformation of economic development mode and sustainable development of shale gas industrial development in Anhui Province.