Carbazochrome is one of the conventional hemostatic drugs with superior therapeutic ability, so there is a huge market demand in China and even in the world. The RSM(response surface method)in Design Expert software was used to optimize the synthesis conditions of chloracetyl catechol. The Box-Behnken design experiment was used to optimize the effects of raw material molar ratio(catechol∶ chloroacetyl chloride), reaction temperature and reaction time on the synthesis yield, and the obvious influencing factors were analyzed. The best synthesis conditions were optimized by the interaction between the properties and influencing factors. Finally, the product was characterized. The optimal process conditions are as follows: the molar ratio of catechol to chloroacetyl chloride is 0.9, the reaction temperature is 44.05 ℃, the reaction time is 4.23 h, and the product yield is 75.606 8%. According to the optimized process, the yield of the actual synthesized  products is 75.03%, which is close to the predicted result.