The gas content of No. 3 coal seam in Yangmei No. 1 Mine was high. There were many small faults, folds and subsided columns, erosion and other geological structures and geological phenomena hidden in the mining face, and the gas emission was often accompanied by the geological structure. The phenomenon of these geological structures and gas problems seriously affected the safe production of mines. In order to solve these problems and realize the safe mining of the driving face, the Rayleigh wave detection technology was used to carry out the advanced detection research in front of the roadway, which provided an effective and accurate detection method for the advanced geological structure detection of the heading face.