In order to analyze the effect of bolt support in inclined coal seam of shallow and deep rectangular roadway, numerical simulation method was used to study. Firstly, the bolt support scheme was designed, and a numerical model was established according to the geological and mining conditions of the 20231 working face in Chenglan Mine. The stress, plastic zone and displacement of surrounding rock with a length of 20 m, a height of 3 m and a width of 4 m were simulated. From the simulation results, it can be seen that there was no tension failure on the roadway surface, but only shear failure, and the maximum principal stress in the roof, floor and the middle of the two sides was the smallest; the surrounding rock failure after bolt support was the most serious in the middle of the roof, floor and two sides, especially in the roof and the right side of the roadway; The extension distance was similar, but the roof damage area was larger than the floor; the displacement of both sides and roof of rectangular roadway was larger after bolt support, and the displacement of floor was very small. Fully mechanized caving analysis showed that although bolt support played a great role in controlling the deformation of roadway, the deformation was still very large, the bolt support with inhibition effect on the roadway damage, but not achieving the goal of controlling the roadway damage.