During the excavation of No.5-1 coal face in Shengxin Mine, the roof watering phenomenon occurred, which led to the decrease of the support strength and the repeated maintenance of the roadway, which increased the cost. Therefore, taking the transportation gateway of No.51206 working face as the engineering background, the surrounding rock control technology of water-spraying roadway was studied by means of theoretical analysis and field test. The results showed that with the increase of water content, the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of coal and rock mass decreased, which was the main reason for the large deformation of roadway. The range of the plastic zone of the roadway was mainly affected by the cohesion of the surrounding rock, the internal friction angle, and the stress of the original rock. Increasing the support resistance of the roadway could effectively control the deformation of the roadway. Therefore, the control principle of polymer material grouting water plugging and lengthening anchor cable with waterproof anchoring agent was put forward, and the specific scheme was determined. The on-site mine pressure observation showed that the reinforcement scheme has achieved good results.