Aiming at the influence of potential water conducting and containing collapse columns in the north wing of the first pit mining area of Guoerzhuang Coal Mine, to avoid the threat of water disaster caused by unclear exploration, improper treatment and blind exposure to the tunneling of coal mine roadways, and to affect the safety of production, several horizontal branch holes were designed by using the advanced exploration technology of ground directional drilling. Through the comprehensive analysis of drilling fluid consumption, cuttings characteristics and natural gamma logging data during the construction process, the occurrence of collapse columns in subsidence 1, subsidence 2 and subsidence 7 was revealed, and the development position and boundary range of subsidence 1 and subsidence 7 were adjusted. By using grouting reinforcement and reconstruction measures, the aquifer water conducting channel was effectively blocked, the weak section of the coal seam floor was strengthened, and the risk of water outburst from the water conducting collapse column was reduced. The results showed that the application of this technology realized the safe mining of the first pit mining area of Guoerzhuang Mine, which provided experience for the exploration and control of similar ground areas, and had good popularization value and application prospect.