It is of great significance to study the microstructure and scale inhibition mechanism of imported scale-inhibiting alloys for solving the problems of energy waste and equipment damage caused by fouling. The composition, microstructure, scale inhibition performance and mechanism of an imported scale-inhibiting alloy were studied. The results showed that the main components of the scale inhibition alloy are copper, zinc and nickel, and contain trace amounts of Tin, lead, iron, manganese, chromium, niobium and silicon. The scale inhibition rate of the alloy is between 50% and 70%. Changing the number and spacing of the copper and zinc alloy and changing the flow rate of circulating water will affect the scale inhibition performance of the copper and zinc alloy. During the water treatment process of the alloy, cations mainly composed of zinc ions are precipitated by the reaction of the tiny primary cell of the copper-zinc alloy, so that the calcium carbonate crystals are transformed from calcite to aragonite and vaterite. Metastable scale can be more easily washed away by water, thereby reducing scale and achieving the goal of scale inhibition.