Based on the actual filling of ultra-high water material, the deformation law of the surrounding rocks in the two roadways during the back-mining of the 1126working face with large mining depth in Xingdong Mine was observed and analyzed. The results showed that the maximum displacement of the top and bottom plate of the filling mining was 364 mm, the minimum value was 175 mm, and the average displacement 243.1 mm; the maximum displacement of the top and bottom plate of the non-filling mining was 1,482 mm, the minimum value was 601 mm, and the average displacement was 933.562 mm. The maximum displacement of the two sides of the filling mining was 404 mm, the minimum value was 36 mm, and the average displacement was 166 mm. The maximum displacement of the top and bottom plate of non-filled mining was 1 081 mm, the minimum displacement was 277 mm, and the average displacement was 511.22 mm. The average displacement of the top and bottom plate of filled mining was 690.46 mm, less than that of non-filled mining, which was about 74.2% less, and the average displacement of the two sides reduced by 345.22 mm less, Reduced by about 67.5%.