Heading machine hydraulic system is important and complex, due to multiple hydraulic components and frequent movement, which causes fault easily. Based on the swing fault of heading machine, with fault tree analysis method, fault tree was built, qualitative and quantitative analysis were made. Through the qualitative analysis, the main factors of fault were found out, system mean time between failure and failure rate were got through quantitative analysis. The improvement of oil pollution, plunger pump and various directional valve problem was put forward, with some guiding significance.