In order to better protect the ecological environment and implement the "lucid waters and lush mountains" environmental protection policy, multi-source remote sensing data and image processing techniques to develop a remote sensing ecological index model was utilized, enabling effective and accurate dynamic monitoring and comprehensive evaluation of Huaibei City's ecological environment from 2015 to 2020. The necessity of conducting ecological assessments in Huaibei City was highlighted. Utilizing Landsat 8 data, a RSEI model was developed based on four influencing factors—NDVI, WET, NDBS, and LST—to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of the city's ecological environment and its primary driving factors. The research results indicate that the environmental quality of Huaibei City exhibited a phased improvement trend from 2015 to 2020, yet remained largely stable.