Aiming at the severe ground pressure problems encountered during the residual coal mining at the corners of No. 2207 isolated working face in Chuancaogedan Mine, a three-dimensional mechanical model was established by adopting the numerical simulation research method. The distribution laws of surrounding rock stress field and evolution characteristics of plastic zone were investigated during the mining process of the isolated working face at the left, right and middle isolated stages. The results showed that obvious stress concentration phenomena were observed in coal pillars and surrounding rocks during the mining of isolated working faces, and the peak stress was reached 2 ～ 2.8 times of the in-situ stress. With the continuous advancement of mining, stress concentration zones were gradually expanded and superimposed with lateral abutment pressure of adjacent goafs, and high-strength stress arch structures were thus formed. By establishing the overburden strata stress field strengthening model of the working face, dangerous areas with severe ground pressure at different mining stages of the working face were effectively identified, and the distribution ranges and morphological characteristics of severe ground pressure dangerous zones in the initial mining, primary square formation and stopping stages were clarified. Important theoretical foundations were provided for the prevention and control of severe ground pressure disasters in isolated working faces.