|
|
|
| Preparation and structural characterization of SnO2/ZnO/C3N4 composite photocatalyst |
| Shang Yingying |
| Pingliang Vocational and Technical College, Pingliang 744000, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract To address the issues of small specific surface area, high recombination rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, and low solar light utilization efficiency in pure-phase graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) photocatalysts, at the first time a combined process of hydrothermal and calcination methods was proposed. Semiconductor SnO2 and ZnO materials into the g-C3N4 matrix, constructing a SnO2/ZnO/C3N4 composite photocatalytic system were simultaneously introduced. Techniques such as XRD, SEM, DRS, and photoelectrochemical tests were employed to systematically characterize the crystal structure, microstructure, optical properties, and charge separation characteristics of the composite catalysts. The results indicate that SnO2 and ZnO were successfully loaded onto the surface of the g-C3N4 layered structure, forming a heterojunction. The 5 wt% SnO2/ZnO/C3N4 composite catalyst (labeled 5-SnZnCN) exhibited a complete crystal structure with no impurity phases. Its microstructure featured ZnO micro-blocks embedded within the g-C3N4 layers and SnO2 nanoparticles dispersed on the surface, effectively increasing the specific surface area. DRS analysis revealed that although the absorption threshold of the composite catalyst blue-shifted due to the wide bandgap characteristics of SnO2/ZnO, the construction of the heterojunction significantly enhanced the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers. In photoelectrochemical tests, the 5-SnZnCN composite demonstrated a photocurrent density significantly higher than those of pure g-C3N4, SnO2, ZnO, and binary ZnO/g-C3N4 catalysts. It also exhibited the smallest EIS Nyquist arc radius and the earliest LSV oxidation peak, confirming its superior charge transfer capability and oxidation activity. An experimental basis or the structural design and optimization of preparation processes for novel, highly efficient composite photocatalysts was provided.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 ] Zheng J. Incorporation of CoO nanoparticles in 3D marigold flowe-
r-like hierarchical architecture MnCO2O4 for highly boosting solar light photo-oxidation and reduction ability [ J ]. Appl. Catal. B Environ., 2018( 234 ): 212 - 221.
[ 2 ] Peng Y. CdSe cluster-modified biogenic α-FeOOH based on m-
acroporous biochar for Fenton-like reaction of As (III)[ J ]. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2022( 587 ): 152 - 187.
[ 3 ] Liu Q. Edge functionalization of terminal amino group in carbon nitride by in-situ C3N4 coupling for photoreforming of biomass into H2[ J ]. Chem. Eng. J., 2020( 396 ): 125 - 164.
[ 4 ] Wang M. Imprinted polymer/FeO3micro-particles decorated multi-
layer graphite paper: electrochemical and colorimetric dual-modal sensing interface for aloe-emodin assay [ J ]. Sens. Actuat. B Chem., 2020( 311 ): 127 - 134.
[ 5 ] Jiang D B. 9,10-Dihydroanthracene auto-photooxidation efficient-
ly triggered photocatalytic oxidation of organic compounds by molecular oxygen under visible light [ J ]. Mol. Catal., 2020( 491 ): 111 - 184.
[ 6 ] Jiang D B. Regulating effects of anthraquinone substituents and a-
dditives in photo-catalytic oxygenation of p-xylene by molecular oxygen under visible light irradiation [ J ]. Renew. Energy, 2021( 174 ): 1 053 - 1 061.
[ 7 ] Zhang Y F. Aromatic bromination with hydrogen production on o-
rganic-inorganic hybrid perovskite-based photocatalysts under visible light irradiation [ J ]. Chin. J. Catal., 2022( 43 ): 2 165 - 2 174.
[ 8 ] Karmakar H S. Pt nanoparticles coupled with perylene-based sm-
all molecule deposited on Ti3+ self-doped TiO2 nanorods-an inorganic/organic type-II nanoheterostructure for efficient visible-
light photoelectrochemical water oxidation [ J ]. Chemosphere, 2022( 286 ): 131 - 162.
[ 9 ] Li J J. Constructing aloe-emodin/FeOOH organic-inorganic hete-
rojunction for synergetic photocatalysis-Fenton eliminating antibi-
otic pollutants [ J ]. J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 2023, 11 ( 3 ): 109 - 187.
[ 10 ] Jarusheh H S. Integrated photocatalytic technologies in water trea-
tment using ferrites nanoparticles [ J ]. J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 2022, 10 ( 5 ): 107 - 145.
[ 11 ] Wageh S. CdS/Polymer ladder hydrogen production photocatalysts and their in-situ light-induced electron transfer mechanism [ J ]. Chin. J. Catal., 2022, 43 ( 3 ): 586 - 594.
[ 12 ] 韩嵩琳，等. GdVO4/g-C3N4复合材料的制备及对盐酸四环素的降解研究 [ J ]. 首都师范大学学报（自然科学版），2021，42（ 6 ）：33 - 39.
[ 13 ] John H C, et al. Photodechlorination of PCB's in the presence of t-
itanium dioxide in aqueous suspensions [ J ]. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 1976, 16 ( 6 ): 748 - 753.
[ 14 ] 梁书杰. 镍基纳米材料微结构调控低浓度 CO2光催化还原及其机理研究[ D ]. 广州：华南理工大学，2021.
[ 15 ] 龚海锋. 光催化剂的应用及前景[ J ]. 生物技术世界，2015，（ 4 ）：157.
[ 16 ] 王 源. 纳米硒化铋能带结构调控及其光催化性能研究[ D ]. 太原：太原理工大学，2022.
[ 17 ] 胡雪利. 钡盐调控石墨相氮化碳能带结构及光催化降解有机废水的性能研究[ D ]. 重庆：重庆工商大学，2021.
[ 18 ] 李 礼. TiO2形貌和晶体结构的调控机制及性能研究[ D ]. 重庆：重庆大学，2021.
[ 19 ] 徐中轩. 基于 5-羟甲基间苯二甲酸和咪唑衍生物的半导体型 Ni-MOFs 的合成、晶体结构和光催化性质[ J ]. 无机化学学报，2022，38（ 9 ）：1 799 - 1 807.
[ 20 ] 丁晨旭. Ni 基催化剂中 Ni 颗粒粒径对甲烷干气重整反应的影响及其应用展望[ J ]. 天然气化工 —C1 化学与化工，2022，47（ 2 ）：1 - 10.
[ 21 ] 犹 欢. 粒径及亲水性可控 Pd 基催化剂的制备及其直接合成 H2O2的应用 [ D ]. 贵阳：贵州大学，2022.
[ 22 ] Wei B Y. A novel SnO2 gas sensor doped with carbon nanotubes operating at room temperature [ J ]. Sensor. Actuator. B Chem., 2004, 98 ( 1 ): 127 - 132.
[ 23 ] Wang J, et al. Synthesis of monodisperse walnut-like SnO2 spheres and their photocatalytic performances[ J ]. J. Nanomater., 2015（ 15 ）：131 - 184.
[ 24 ] Tran D A, et al. One-step synthesis of oxygen doped g-C3N4 for enhanced visible-light photodegradation of Rhodamine B [ J ]. J. Phys. Chem. Solid., 2021( 155 ): 110 - 176.
[ 25 ] Sousa J C G, et al. A review on environmental monitoring of water organic pollutants identified by EU guidelines[ J ]. J. Hazard. Mater., 2018( 344 ): 481 - 508.
[ 26 ] Leblebici M E, et al. Computational modelling of a photocatalytic UV-LED reactor with internal mass and photon transfer consideration [ J ]. Chem. Eng. J., 2015( 264 ): 237 - 246. |
|
|
|
