In order to mine deep coal resources safely and efficiently, the engineering geological and mechanical conditions of the roadway were analyzed for the problem of difficult roadway support of extremely unstable surrounding rock under high stress in Jinneng Coal Industry Co., Ltd., and the roadway support scheme of "long/short anchor cables+three core arch U29 signal shed" was determined. The key support parameters of the roadway were determined through theoretical calculations, and the support scheme was developed and applied on site. The research results indicated that the surrounding rock state of No.1202 return air roadway was poor, the bearing capacity of in situ stress was poor, and it was easily affected by mining, which could cause bottom heave and two side shrinkage. It was recommended to adopt the support scheme of "long/short anchor cables+three core arch U29 signal shed". After adopting the support scheme, the displacement of the roadway roof and floor was about 270 mm, and the displacement of the two sides was about 420 mm. The application effect was good.