In order to ensure the smooth mining in gob-side entry retaining in 3210 working face of Xinyuan Mine, the numerical simulation was used to analyze the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock in gob-side entry retaining. Through the specific analysis of the primary and secondary mining Deformation characteristics of lower surrounding rock, the characteristics of surrounding rock stress distribution and plastic zone development status under the influence of primary and secondary mining along the goaf were obtained; based on numerical simulation results and specific geological conditions of the working face, the specific design of the road retention scheme and the use of underground pressure observations were used to verify the effect of road retention. The results showed that under the influence of a mining movement, the top and bottom plate approach and the two approaches were 1 261 mm and 655 mm, respectively, which met the needs of the mining roadway in the coming section.