急倾斜大采高俯伪斜综采工作面顶板破坏机理与围岩控制技术

doi:10.19286/j.cnki.cci.2026.07.002

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摘要

针对急倾斜大采高综采工作面煤层存在的顶板破坏机理不清、液压支架稳定性差、飞矸风险突出等问题，以石洞沟煤矿31111急倾斜大采高俯伪斜综采工作面为研究背景，采用数值模拟的方法，揭示了45°、56°、65°倾角下围岩应力分布与塑性区演化规律；在此基础上，提出了以“俯伪斜布置”为核心的综采方案，开展以支架轻量化为核心的“三机”配套与选型设计，该设计集成了断层超前注浆、工作面精准转采及综合防飞矸等关键技术。数值模拟结果表明，工作面下部顶板破坏深度及垂直应力始终大于上部，且随倾角增大，该非对称特征更为显著，56°倾角时，下部最大破坏深度达21.7 m。现场实践表明，基于研究成果的技术体系保障了工作面安全推进426 m，最高月推进85 m，平均日产量超1 500 t，实现了零飞矸伤人事故。该研究能够在平均倾角为56°的复杂地质条件下，实现安全高效的综采生产，研究成果为同类条件煤层开采提供了理论依据与实践范例。

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	李正军

关键词 ：急倾斜煤层, 大采高, 俯伪斜布置, 围岩控制, 数值模拟, 支架轻量化

Abstract：

Aiming at the unclear roof failure mechanism, poor stability of hydraulic supports and prominent gangue flying risks existing in fully mechanized mining faces of steeply inclined seams with large mining height, No.31111 fully mechanized mining face with oblique downward layout in Shidonggou Mine was taken as the research background. Numerical simulation methods were adopted to reveal the distribution laws of surrounding rock stress and evolution characteristics of plastic zones under seam dip angles of 45°, 56°and 65°. On this basis, a fully mechanized mining scheme centered on oblique downward layout was proposed. The matching and type selection design of three key mining machines focusing on support lightweighting were carried out, in which key technologies including advance grouting for faults, precise face conversion and comprehensive gangue flying prevention were integrated. The numerical simulation results showed that the failure depth and vertical stress of the roof at the lower part of the working face were always larger than those at the upper part, and such asymmetric characteristics became more obvious with the increase of dip angle. The maximum roof failure depth at the lower part reached 21.7 m at the dip angle of 56°. Field applications demonstrated that the technical system based on the research findings guaranteed a total advancing distance of 426 m for the working face. The maximum monthly advancing distance was 85 m, and the average daily output exceeded 1 500 tons. No personal injuries caused by flying gangue occurred throughout the operation. Safe and efficient fully mechanized mining was realized under complex geological conditions with an average dip angle of 56°. The research results were provided as theoretical references and practical examples for coal mining under similar geological conditions.

Key words： steeply inclined coal seam large mining height descending oblique layout surrounding rock control numerical simulation support lightweight design

作者简介: 李正军（ 1983 — ），男，重庆人，高级工程师。

引用本文:

李正军. 急倾斜大采高俯伪斜综采工作面顶板破坏机理与围岩控制技术[J]. 煤炭与化工, 2026, 49(7): 9-14，27.. Li Zhengjun. Mechanism of roof failure and surrounding rock control technology in steeply inclined longwall face with large mining height and oblique downward layout. CCI, 2026, 49(7): 9-14，27..

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http://www.mtyhg.com.cn/CN/10.19286/j.cnki.cci.2026.07.002 或 http://www.mtyhg.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V49/I7/9

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