In order to find out the potential of Carboniferous-Permian shale gas resources in Huaibei coalfield, based on the analysis of coalfield exploration data, combined with field geological profile and borehole core observation, as well as organic geochemical experimental methods such as kerogen mirror, total organic carbon content and vitrinite reflectance test, the development characteristics and hydrocarbon generation potential of Carboniferous-Permian shale in Huaibei coalfield were discussed in depth. The results showed that there were seven sets of shale sections with large thickness and stable distribution in the Carboniferous-Permian of Huaibei coalfield, which provided a rich material basis for the formation of shale gas. The Carboniferous-Permian kerogen types in the coal field were mainly type III and type II2, and a small amount was type II1 ; the TOC of coal measure mud shale was generally high, and the TOC of mud shale in Taiyuan Formation, Shanxi Formation and Lower Shihezi Formation reached the standard of medium or good source rock. The organic matter of Permian shale was generally in the mature stage, and the local area reached a high degree of thermal evolution. The comprehensive analysis showed that the Carboniferous-Permian shale in Huaibei Coalfield was well developed, and the organic matter of the shale in Taiyuan Formation, Shanxi Formation and Lower Shihezi Formation had high original hydrocarbon generation capacity, and the exploration prospect of shale gas resources was good.