In order to clear and constantly improve the heavy medium coal preparation process，promote its application effect，t the connotation, principle and related coal preparation equipment of the heavy medium coal preparation process were discussed, and based on this, the 5 kinds of typical heavy medium coal preparation process and its application and suggestions in different coal preparation plant were analyzed, the results showed that heavy medium coal preparation process had the advantages on economy and technology，but the application process still had many problems and noteworthy link, still needed further research and exploration.