In order to grasp the influence of temperature, air pressure, ventilation system and other factors on the closed gas in the goaf of Dongpang Mine, and further eliminate the " wheezing " effect caused by environmental factors on the closed gas in the goaf, this paper adopts the methods of classified observation, data analysis and experimental demonstration to deeply discuss the influence of the closed structure, meteorological conditions and ventilation system on the gas emission in the goaf. Based on the research law, the early warning and hierarchical control mechanism of gas risk in goaf is established, and the targeted sealing optimization technology and prevention and control strategy are put forward. The technology effectively solves the problems of abnormal gas emission, over-limit accumulation and air leakage and ignition in goaf, significantly reduces the potential safety hazards, realizes the early prediction and accurate control of gas risk in goaf, and provides theoretical support and technical guidance for the safety management of mine goaf.