Aiming at the problems of spontaneous combustion during the mining and harvesting of fully mechanized caving face in thick coal seam, taking 7010 working face of Yaoqiao Coal Mine as the research background, the influencing factors of spontaneous combustion of residual coal in working face are summarized. Based on the field measurement and numerical simulation, the distribution law of spontaneous combustion ' three zones ' in goaf of working face is given, and the comprehensive prevention and control technical measures of ' real-time monitoring and early warning + strict control of residual coal in roof + pre-grouting at tail + reasonable control of air volume + injection filling and plugging ' during the harvesting of 7010 working face are put forward. The monitoring results show that the CO concentration is below 24 ppm, and no gas such as C2H4 and C2H6 is found, and the spontaneous combustion of residual coal in goaf is effectively controlled.