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Abstract In order to study the key layer of overlying rock and surface movement deformation caused by filling mining, the filling mining of super high-water material under the railway of Taoyi Mine was taken as the engineering example, the method of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement was adopted. The results showed that the main roof would break when the equivalent mining height was 875mm, and the critical value of the filling rate was 75%.When the filling rate reached 80%, the main roof would not break, the main roof, the key strata and the surface subsidence were synchronized, and the surface subsidence presented a curved subsidence basin. The actual filling rate was 82%, and the fracture of the basic top and key strata was effectively controlled. The maximum subsidence of the measured surface was 401mm, the subsidence rate can reached 85.3%, and the subsidence coefficient was 0.21. The simulation results were consistent with the measured results. Through observation, it was found that the surface subsidence speed was gentle and without sudden subsidence during the filling mining, which ensured the safe operation of the surface railway.
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