Microplastics (particle size less than 5 mm) as a new type of environmental pollutant, and the soil ecology were polluted. In order to comprehensively understand the research status and development trend of microplastics in soil environment, VOS viewer and Cite space were used to visual analysis software analysis tools. The literature in the field of soil environment from 2012 to 2023 in the core collection database of Web of Science was visually analyzed. Results indicate that for the research related to the field of soil microplastics had grown rapidly since 2017. China had carried out a lot of research in the field of soil microplastics, and the number of publications was significantly higher than that of other countries. The journal with the largest number of publications in the field of soil microplastics research was Science of the Total Environment (92 papers), and it was also the journal with the highest number of citations per article. The research in the field of soil microplastics included the extraction and detection of microplastics in the soil environment, the degradation of microplastics, and the compound pollution of microplastics and other substances (heavy metals, organic pollutants, etc.)were analyzed. It also included the migration of microplastics in the soil and the effects on plants, microorganisms, and the ecological environment. At present, the focus had gradually changed from the process changes such as the impact of a single pollutant of large-sized microplastics on the environment to the small-sized nanoplastics occurred in the soil environment, as well as the composite pollution of microplastics and other pollutants (heavy metals, etc.) and other deeper research. It was provided that a scientific basis for the follow-up research direction of soil microplastics, and a strong reference for its application in the environmental field.